Estonia vs. Latvia: A Geographical Comparison

Comparison Table
Category | Estonia | Latvia |
---|---|---|
Location | Northern Europe, Baltic region | Northern Europe, Baltic region |
Size | 45,339 km² | 64,589 km² |
Climate | Temperate, maritime | Temperate, maritime |
Natural Resources | Oil shale, peat, timber | Amber, peat, timber |
Urban Development | Tallinn (capital), Tartu, Narva | Riga (capital), Daugavpils, Liepāja |
Transportation | Well-developed roads, rail, ports | Extensive rail network, major ports |
Description
Estonia
Estonia, located in Northern Europe, is the northernmost of the Baltic states. It shares borders with Latvia to the south and Russia to the east, while its western coast faces the Baltic Sea. Estonia is known for its advanced digital society and extensive forests, covering nearly half of its land area. The country has a rich history, having been influenced by Danish, Swedish, German, and Russian rule before gaining independence in 1991. Culturally, Estonia is famous for its song festivals and strong traditions in folk music. Economically, it thrives on IT services, timber, and telecommunications.
Latvia
Latvia, situated between Estonia and Lithuania, is the middle Baltic state. It boasts a diverse landscape, from dense forests to long stretches of coastline along the Baltic Sea. Riga, its capital, is a cultural hub with stunning Art Nouveau architecture. Latvia’s history includes periods under German, Polish, Swedish, and Russian rule, culminating in independence in 1991. The country’s economy relies on logistics, woodworking, and agriculture. Latvian culture is celebrated for its folk dances, midsummer festivals (Jāņi), and vibrant arts scene.